Which amendment guards against unreasonable searches and seizures without a warrant?

• A. Second
• B. Fifth
• C. Fourth
• D. Sixth

Answer: (C)

The key idea is protection of privacy from government intrusion. The Fourth Amendment guards against unreasonable searches and seizures and generally requires a warrant based on probable cause to search a person’s home or other private property or to seize evidence. A warrant must describe the specific place to be searched and the items to be seized and must be issued by a judge based on sworn facts. This framework prevents arbitrary intrusions and ensures that the government can only search or seize when there is a justified, documented basis. There are recognized exceptions where a search can occur without a warrant, such as with consent, in imminent danger, or when evidence is in plain view, but the default rule centers on warrants and probable cause. The other amendments mentioned address different rights: the right to keep and bear arms, protection against self-incrimination and due process, and the right to counsel and a speedy trial.